Rock 'N' Film presents
a cultural history of films about US and British rock music during the
period when biracial popular music was fundamental to progressive social
movements on both sides of the Atlantic. Considering the music's
capacity for utopian popular cultural empowerment and its usefulness for
the capitalist media industries, Rock 'N' Film explores
how its contradictory potentials were reproduced in various kinds of
cinema, including major studio productions, minor studios' exploitation
projects, independent documentaries, and avant-garde works. These
include Rock Around the Clock (Fred F. Sears, 1956) and other 1950s jukebox musicals; Elvis's King Creole (Michael
Curtiz, 1958) and other important films he made before being drafted as
well as the formulaic musical comedies in which Hollywood abused his
genius in the 1960s; early documentaries such as The T.A.M.I. Show (Steve Binder, 1964) that presented James Brown and the Rolling Stones as core of a black-white, US-UK cultural commonality; A Hard Day's Night (Richard Lester, 1964) that precipitated the British Invasion, Dont Look Back (1967), Monterey Pop (1968), and other Direct Cinema documentaries about the music of the counterculture by D. A. Pennebaker; Woodstock (1970);
avant-garde documentaries about the Rolling Stones by Jean-Luc Godard,
Kenneth Anger, Robert Frank, and others. After the turn of the decade,
notably Gimme Shelter (1970)
in which Charlotte Zwerin edited David and Albert Maysles's footage of
the Altamont free concert so as to portray the Stone's complicity in the
Hells Angels' murder of a young man, the 60s' utopian biracial
music―and films about it―reverted to separate black and white traditions
based respectively on soul and country. These produced Blaxploitation
and Lady Sings the Blues (Sidney J. Furie, 1972) on the one hand, and bigoted representations of the Southern culture in Nashville (Robert
Altman, 1975) on the other. Both these last two films ended with the
deaths of their stars, and it seemed that rock 'n' roll had died or
even, as David Bowie proclaimed, that it had committed suicide. But in
another documentary about Bowie's concert, Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars (1973),
D.A. Pennebaker triumphantly re-affirmed the community of musicians and
fans in glam rock. In analyzing this history, David James adapts the
methodology of histories of the classic musical to rock 'n' roll to show
how the rock 'n' roll film both displaced and recreated the film
musical.
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