Biography:
Red Norvo was one of jazz's early vibraphonists. He helped establish the xylophone and later the vibraphone as viable jazz instruments.
Norvo was born Kenneth Norville in Beardstown, Illinois. The story goes that he sold his pet pony to help pay for his first marimba. Norvo's career began in Chicago with a band called “The Collegians”, in 1925. He played with many other bands, including an all-marimba band on the vaudeville circuit, and the bands of Paul Whiteman, Benny Goodman, Charlie Barnet, and Woody Herman. Norvo recorded with Mildred Bailey (his wife), Billie Holiday, Dinah Shore and Frank Sinatra, among others. Together, Red and Mildred were known as “Mr. and Mrs. Swing.” He also appeared in the film Screaming Mimi (1958), playing himself.
In 1933 he recorded two sessions for Brunswick under his own name. The first “Knockin' On Wood” and “Hole In The Wall” pleased Brunswick's recording director Jack Kapp and he was booked for another session. This time, Kapp was out of town and Norvo went ahead and recorded two of the earliest, most modern pieces of chamber jazz yet recorded; Bix Beiderbecke's “In A Mist” and Norvo's own “Dance Of The Octopus”, accompanied by Benny Goodman in a rare performance playing a bass clarinet, Dick McDonough on guitar and Artie Bernstein on slap bass. Kapp was outraged when he heard them and tore up Norvo's contract and threw him out. (Interestingly, this modern record remained in print all through the 1930's!)
Norvo recorded 8 modern swing sides for Columbia in 1934-1935, and 15 sides of Decca and their short-lived Champion label series in 1936 (strangely enough, Jack Kapp ran Decca, so they must've patched things up by then).
Starting in 1936 through 1942, Norvo formed a Swing Orchestra and recorded for ARC first on their Brunswick label, then Vocalion and finally Columbia, after CBS bought out the ARC company. Featuring the brilliant arrangements of Eddie Sauter and often featuring Mildred Bailey as vocalist, this series of recordings were among the more sophisticated and elegant swing records of the era.
In June 1945, while a member of the Benny Goodman Sextet, he recorded a session for Comet records using a Sextet which featured members of the Goodman group and also Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gillespie. He said: “Bird and Diz were dirty words for musicians of my generation. But jazz had always gone through changes and in 1945 we were in the middle of another one. Bird and Diz were saying new things in an exciting way. I had a free hand so I gambled”. [1]
In 1949, while trying to find work near home on the West Coast and running into difficulties with large groups, Norvo formed a trio with the novel combination of vibes, guitar, and bass. When the original guitarist and bassist quit (Mundell Lowe and Red Kelly), he brought in two previously little-known players. Tal Farlow became one of the most important of the post-War generation of guitarists, in part because the demands of the trio led him to explore new levels of both speed and harmonic richness on the instrument. Charles Mingus's prominence as a bass player increased through this group, though its repertoire did not reflect the major career he would develop as a composer. The trio lasted until 1951, and recorded two LPs for Savoy.
In 1959 Norvo's group played concerts in Australia with Frank Sinatra; Blue Note released these recordings in 1997. Red Norvo and his group also made several appearances on The Dinah Shore Chevy Show in the late 1950's and early '60s.
Norvo recorded and toured throughout his career until a stroke in the mid-1980s forced him into retirement (although he developed hearing problems long before his stroke). He died at a convalescent home in Santa Monica, California at the age of 91.
https://musicians.allaboutjazz.com/rednorvo
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Biografía:
Red Norvo fue uno de los primeros vibrafonistas del jazz. Ayudó a establecer el xilófono y más tarde el vibráfono como instrumentos de jazz viables.
Norvo nació como Kenneth Norville en Beardstown, Illinois. La historia dice que vendió su poni mascota para ayudar a pagar su primera marimba. La carrera de Norvo comenzó en Chicago con una banda llamada "The Collegians", en 1925. Tocó con muchas otras bandas, incluyendo una banda de marimbas en el circuito de vodevil, y las bandas de Paul Whiteman, Benny Goodman, Charlie Barnet, y Woody Herman. Norvo grabó con Mildred Bailey (su esposa), Billie Holiday, Dinah Shore y Frank Sinatra, entre otros. Juntos, Red y Mildred eran conocidos como "Sr. y Sra. Swing". También apareció en la película Screaming Mimi (1958), interpretándose a sí mismo.
En 1933 grabó dos sesiones para Brunswick con su propio nombre. La primera "Knockin' On Wood" y "Hole In The Wall" complacieron al director de grabación de Brunswick Jack Kapp y fue reservado para otra sesión. Esta vez, Kapp estaba fuera de la ciudad y Norvo se adelantó y grabó dos de las primeras y más modernas piezas de jazz de cámara hasta ahora grabadas; "In A Mist" de Bix Beiderbecke y "Dance Of The Octopus" del propio Norvo, acompañado por Benny Goodman en una rara actuación tocando un clarinete bajo, Dick McDonough en la guitarra y Artie Bernstein en el bajo. Kapp se indignó cuando los escuchó y rompió el contrato de Norvo y lo echó. (¡Interesantemente, este disco moderno permaneció impreso durante los años 30!)
Norvo grabó 8 modernos discos de swing para Columbia en 1934-1935, y 15 discos de Decca y su efímera serie de sellos Champion en 1936 (extrañamente, Jack Kapp dirigía Decca, así que ya deben haber arreglado las cosas para entonces).
Desde 1936 hasta 1942, Norvo formó una orquesta de swing y grabó para ARC primero en su sello de Brunswick, luego en Vocalion y finalmente en Columbia, después de que la CBS comprara la compañía ARC. Con los brillantes arreglos de Eddie Sauter y a menudo con Mildred Bailey como vocalista, esta serie de grabaciones fue uno de los discos de swing más sofisticados y elegantes de la época.
En junio de 1945, mientras era miembro del Sexteto Benny Goodman, grabó una sesión para Comet records usando un Sexteto que incluía a miembros del grupo Goodman y también a Charlie Parker y Dizzy Gillespie. Dijo: "Bird y Diz fueron palabras sucias para los músicos de mi generación. Pero el jazz siempre había sufrido cambios y en 1945 estábamos en medio de otro. Bird y Diz estaban diciendo cosas nuevas de una manera emocionante. Yo tenía una mano libre, así que aposté". [1]
En 1949, mientras intentaba encontrar trabajo cerca de su casa en la Costa Oeste y se encontraba con dificultades con los grandes grupos, Norvo formó un trío con la novedosa combinación de vibráfono, guitarra y bajo. Cuando el guitarrista y bajista original lo dejó (Mundell Lowe y Red Kelly), trajo a dos músicos poco conocidos. Tal Farlow se convirtió en uno de los más importantes de la generación de guitarristas de la posguerra, en parte porque las exigencias del trío le llevaron a explorar nuevos niveles tanto de velocidad como de riqueza armónica en el instrumento. La prominencia de Charles Mingus como bajista aumentó a través de este grupo, aunque su repertorio no reflejaba la importante carrera que desarrollaría como compositor. El trío duró hasta 1951, y grabó dos LPs para Savoy.
En 1959 el grupo de Norvo dio conciertos en Australia con Frank Sinatra; Blue Note publicó estas grabaciones en 1997. Red Norvo y su grupo también hicieron varias apariciones en The Dinah Shore Chevy Show a finales de los 50 y principios de los 60.
Norvo grabó y realizó giras a lo largo de su carrera hasta que un derrame cerebral a mediados de los 80 le obligó a jubilarse (aunque desarrolló problemas de audición mucho antes de su derrame cerebral). Murió en una casa de convalecencia en Santa Mónica, California, a la edad de 91 años.
https://musicians.allaboutjazz.com/rednorvo
1 Rhee Waahnee (Dillard) 6:31
2 The Forward Look (Dodgion) 7:24
3 Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea (Arlen, Koehler) 6:01
4 My Funny Valentine (Hart, Rodgers) 4:00
5 How's Your Mother-In-Law ? (Mozier) 6:42
6 Saturday Night (Norvo) 3:27
7 Mountain Greenery (Hart, Rodgers) 3:19
8 I'm Beginning to See the Light (Ellington, George, Hodges, James) 6:33
9 When You're Smiling (Fisher, Goodwin, Shay) 7:46
10 Room 608 (Silver) 4:31
11 For Lena and Lennie (Jones) 4:52
12 Cookin' at the Continental (Norvo, Silver) 9:13
Personnel
Red Norvo - vb
Jerry Dodgion - as & fl
Jimmy Wyble - g
Red Wooten - b
John Markham - dr
Recorded in performance ; December 31, 1957
2 The Forward Look (Dodgion) 7:24
3 Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea (Arlen, Koehler) 6:01
4 My Funny Valentine (Hart, Rodgers) 4:00
5 How's Your Mother-In-Law ? (Mozier) 6:42
6 Saturday Night (Norvo) 3:27
7 Mountain Greenery (Hart, Rodgers) 3:19
8 I'm Beginning to See the Light (Ellington, George, Hodges, James) 6:33
9 When You're Smiling (Fisher, Goodwin, Shay) 7:46
10 Room 608 (Silver) 4:31
11 For Lena and Lennie (Jones) 4:52
12 Cookin' at the Continental (Norvo, Silver) 9:13
Personnel
Red Norvo - vb
Jerry Dodgion - as & fl
Jimmy Wyble - g
Red Wooten - b
John Markham - dr
Recorded in performance ; December 31, 1957
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