Biography
by Steve Huey
Controversial, misunderstood, and underappreciated, Jimmy Giuffre was an unlikely candidate to break as much ground as he did in the art of free improvisation. A swing orchestra veteran, Giuffre made his name as part of the West Coast school of cool jazz, but his restless creative spirit drove him to push the boundaries of texture, dynamic shading, counterpoint, and improvisational freedom in surprisingly avant-garde ways, despite maintaining a cool, cerebral exterior.
Born in Dallas in 1921, Giuffre studied music at North Texas College and subsequently played tenor sax in an Army band; upon his discharge, he took jobs with orchestra leaders like Boyd Raeburn, Jimmy Dorsey, and Buddy Rich. In 1949, he joined up with Woody Herman, for whom he'd penned the classic composition "Four Brothers" two years earlier. He then moved to the West Coast, where he learned clarinet and baritone sax, and played with groups like Howard Rumsey's Lighthouse All-Stars and Shorty Rogers' Giants. Giuffre began leading his own sessions in 1954, with groundbreaking albums like Four Brothers and Tangents in Jazz exploring bluesy folk-jazz and third stream fusions.
In 1956, he formed the first version of the Jimmy Giuffre 3, which featured guitarist Jim Hall and bassist Ralph Pena; in 1958, the bassist was replaced by trombonist Bob Brookmeyer, resulting in the highly unorthodox-sounding albums Trav'lin' Light, Four Brothers Sound, and Western Suite, as well as a classic version of Giuffre's hit "The Train and the River" in the Newport film Jazz on a Summer's Day.
In 1961, Giuffre formed a new trio featuring pianist Paul Bley and bassist Steve Swallow; it was with this group, on the albums Fusion, Thesis, and the 1962 landmark Free Fall, that Giuffre really began to explore the subtler, more spacious side of free improvisation (mostly on clarinet). Unfortunately, the trio's music was too advanced to gain much of a reception, and they disbanded in 1962. Giuffre became an educator, and recorded off and on during the '70s; he experimented with electric instruments in the '80s, reunited his 1961-1962 trio in 1992, and continued to record for several avant-garde-oriented labels, most frequently Soul Note. In his later years Giuffre suffered from Parkinson's disease and no longer performed or recorded; he died of pneumonia in Pittsfield, Massachusetts in 2008 at the age of 86.
https://www.allmusic.com/artist/jimmy-giuffre-mn0000360956/biography
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Biografía
por Steve Huey
Controvertido, incomprendido e infravalorado, Jimmy Giuffre era un candidato poco probable para abrir tanto camino como lo hizo en el arte de la improvisación libre. Veterano de las orquestas de swing, Giuffre se dio a conocer como parte de la escuela de cool jazz de la Costa Oeste, pero su inquieto espíritu creativo le llevó a traspasar los límites de la textura, los matices dinámicos, el contrapunto y la libertad improvisatoria de un modo sorprendentemente vanguardista, a pesar de mantener un exterior frío y cerebral.
Nacido en Dallas en 1921, Giuffre estudió música en el North Texas College y posteriormente tocó el saxo tenor en una banda del ejército; al licenciarse, trabajó con directores de orquesta como Boyd Raeburn, Jimmy Dorsey y Buddy Rich. En 1949 se unió a Woody Herman, para quien dos años antes había compuesto el clásico "Four Brothers". Después se trasladó a la Costa Oeste, donde aprendió a tocar el clarinete y el saxo barítono y tocó con grupos como Howard Rumsey's Lighthouse All-Stars y Shorty Rogers' Giants. Giuffre comenzó a dirigir sus propias sesiones en 1954, con álbumes innovadores como Four Brothers y Tangents in Jazz, en los que exploraba el folk-jazz bluesero y las fusiones de la tercera corriente.
En 1956, formó la primera versión del Jimmy Giuffre 3, que incluía al guitarrista Jim Hall y al bajista Ralph Pena; en 1958, el bajista fue sustituido por el trombonista Bob Brookmeyer, lo que dio como resultado los álbumes Trav'lin' Light, Four Brothers Sound y Western Suite, de sonido muy poco ortodoxo, así como una versión clásica del éxito de Giuffre "The Train and the River" en la película de Newport Jazz on a Summer's Day.
En 1961, Giuffre formó un nuevo trío con el pianista Paul Bley y el bajista Steve Swallow; fue con este grupo, en los álbumes Fusion, Thesis y el hito de 1962 Free Fall, cuando Giuffre empezó realmente a explorar el lado más sutil y espacioso de la improvisación libre (principalmente con el clarinete). Desgraciadamente, la música del trío era demasiado avanzada para ser bien recibida, y se disolvió en 1962. Giuffre se convirtió en educador y grabó de forma intermitente durante los años 70; experimentó con instrumentos eléctricos en los 80, reunió a su trío de 1961-1962 en 1992 y continuó grabando para varios sellos orientados a la vanguardia, el más frecuente Soul Note. En sus últimos años, Giuffre padeció la enfermedad de Parkinson y dejó de actuar y grabar; murió de neumonía en Pittsfield (Massachusetts) en 2008, a los 86 años.
https://www.allmusic.com/artist/jimmy-giuffre-mn0000360956/biography
1 - Four Brothers 3:15
2 - Someone To Watch Over Me 3:08
3 - Sultana 2:52
4 - A Ring-Tail Monkey 2:34
5 - Nutty Pine 3:11
6 - Wrought Of Iron 2:50
7 - Do It 3:16
8 - All For You 2:47
9 - Iranic 4:49
10 - I Only Have Eyes For You 6:16
Credits:
Alto Saxophone – Bud Shank (tracks: 1, 3, 5, 6)
Bass – Curtis Counce (tracks: 7, 8, 10), Ralph Penna* (tracks: 1 to 6, 9)
Drums – Artie Anton (tracks: 2, 4, 9), Shelly Manne (tracks: 1, 3, 5 to 8, 10)
Flugelhorn – Shorty Rogers (tracks: 1, 3, 5, 6)
Liner Notes – Yasukuni Terashima
Piano – Russ Freeman (tracks: 7, 8, 10)
Tenor Saxophone, Clarinet, Baritone Saxophone – Jimmy Giuffre
Trumpet – Jack Sheldon
Valve Trombone, Bass – Bob Enevoldsen (tracks: 1, 3, 5, 6)
Notes:
Tracks 1, 3, 5, 6 recorded April 15, 1954 in Hollywood
Tracks 2, 4, 9 recorded January 31, 1955 in Hollywood
Tracks 7, 8, 10 recorded February 19, 1954 in Hollywood
Label: Capitol Records – TOCJ-66152
Series: Yasukuni Terashima Presents
Country: Japan
Released: Mar 20, 2002
Genre: Jazz
Style: Cool Jazz
https://www.discogs.com/release/12185201-Jimmy-Giuffre-Jimmy-Giuffre
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