Biography
by Scott Yanow
Once called "the first modern jazz pianist," Earl Hines differed from the stride pianists of the 1920s by breaking up the stride rhythms with unusual accents from his left hand. While his right hand often played octaves so as to ring clearly over ensembles, Hines had the trickiest left hand in the business, often suspending time recklessly but without ever losing the beat. One of the all-time great pianists, Hines was a major influence on Teddy Wilson, Jess Stacy, Joe Sullivan, Nat King Cole, and even to an extent on Art Tatum. He was also an underrated composer responsible for "Rosetta," "My Monday Date," and "You Can Depend on Me," among others.
Earl Hines played trumpet briefly as a youth before switching to piano. His first major job was accompanying vocalist Lois Deppe, and he made his first recordings with Deppe and his orchestra in 1922. The following year, Hines moved to Chicago where he worked with Sammy Stewart and Erskine Tate's Vendome Theatre Orchestra. He started teaming up with Louis Armstrong in 1926, and the two masterful musicians consistently inspired each other. Hines worked briefly in Armstrong's big band (formerly headed by Carroll Dickerson), and they unsuccessfully tried to manage their own club. 1928 was one of Hines' most significant years. He recorded his first ten piano solos, including versions of "A Monday Date," "Blues in Thirds," and "57 Varieties." Hines worked much of the year with Jimmy Noone's Apex Club Orchestra, and their recordings are also considered classic. Hines cut brilliant (and futuristic) sides with Louis Armstrong's Hot Five, resulting in such timeless gems as "West End Blues," "Fireworks," "Basin Street Blues," and their remarkable trumpet-piano duet "Weather Bird." And on his birthday on December 28, Hines debuted with his big band at Chicago's Grand Terrace.
A brilliant ensemble player as well as soloist, Earl Hines would lead big bands for the next 20 years. Among the key players in his band through the 1930s would be trumpeter/vocalist Walter Fuller, Ray Nance on trumpet and violin (prior to joining Duke Ellington), trombonist Trummy Young, tenor saxophonist Budd Johnson, Omer Simeon and Darnell Howard on reeds, and arranger Jimmy Mundy. In 1940, Billy Eckstine became the band's popular singer, and in 1943 (unfortunately during the musicians' recording strike), Hines welcomed such modernists as Charlie Parker (on tenor), trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie, and singer Sarah Vaughan in what was the first bebop orchestra. By the time the strike ended, Eckstine, Parker, Gillespie, and Vaughan were gone, but tenor Wardell Gray was still around to star with the group during 1945-1946.
In 1948, the economic situation forced Hines to break up his orchestra. He joined the Louis Armstrong All-Stars, but three years of playing second fiddle to his old friend were difficult to take. After leaving Armstrong in 1951, Hines moved to Los Angeles and later San Francisco, heading a Dixieland band. Although his style was much more modern, Hines kept the group working throughout the 1950s, at times featuring Muggsy Spanier, Jimmy Archey, and Darnell Howard. Hines did record on a few occasions, but was largely forgotten in the jazz world by the early '60s. Then, in 1964, jazz writer Stanley Dance arranged for him to play three concerts at New York's Little Theater, both solo and in a quartet with Budd Johnson. The New York critics were amazed by Hines' continuing creativity and vitality, and he had a major comeback that lasted through the rest of his career. Hines traveled the world with his quartet, recorded dozens of albums, and remained famous and renowned up until his death at the age of 79.
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Biografía
por Scott Yanow
Llamado en su día "el primer pianista de jazz moderno", Earl Hines se diferenciaba de los pianistas de stride de los años 20 por romper los ritmos de stride con acentos inusuales de su mano izquierda. Mientras que su mano derecha a menudo tocaba octavas para sonar claramente sobre los conjuntos, Hines tenía la mano izquierda más complicada del negocio, a menudo suspendiendo el tiempo imprudentemente pero sin perder nunca el ritmo. Uno de los grandes pianistas de todos los tiempos, Hines fue una gran influencia para Teddy Wilson, Jess Stacy, Joe Sullivan, Nat King Cole e incluso, en cierta medida, para Art Tatum. También fue un compositor infravalorado responsable de "Rosetta", "My Monday Date" y "You Can Depend on Me", entre otras.
Earl Hines tocó brevemente la trompeta en su juventud antes de pasarse al piano. Su primer trabajo importante fue acompañar a la vocalista Lois Deppe, y realizó sus primeras grabaciones con Deppe y su orquesta en 1922. Al año siguiente, Hines se trasladó a Chicago, donde trabajó con la Orquesta del Teatro Vendome de Sammy Stewart y Erskine Tate. En 1926 empezó a formar equipo con Louis Armstrong, y los dos magistrales músicos se inspiraron mutuamente de forma constante. Hines trabajó brevemente en la big band de Armstrong (antes dirigida por Carroll Dickerson), y trataron sin éxito de gestionar su propio club. 1928 fue uno de los años más importantes para Hines. Grabó sus primeros diez solos de piano, incluyendo versiones de "A Monday Date", "Blues in Thirds" y "57 Varieties". Hines trabajó gran parte del año con la Apex Club Orchestra de Jimmy Noone, y sus grabaciones también se consideran clásicas. Hines grabó brillantes (y futuristas) lados con los Hot Five de Louis Armstrong, dando como resultado joyas atemporales como "West End Blues", "Fireworks", "Basin Street Blues" y su notable dúo de trompeta y piano "Weather Bird". Y en su cumpleaños, el 28 de diciembre, Hines debutó con su big band en la Grand Terrace de Chicago.
Earl Hines, brillante intérprete de conjuntos y solista, dirigiría grandes bandas durante los siguientes 20 años. Entre los músicos clave de su banda durante la década de 1930 se encontraban el trompetista/vocalista Walter Fuller, Ray Nance en la trompeta y el violín (antes de unirse a Duke Ellington), el trombonista Trummy Young, el saxofonista tenor Budd Johnson, Omer Simeon y Darnell Howard en las cañas, y el arreglista Jimmy Mundy. En 1940, Billy Eckstine se convirtió en el cantante popular de la banda, y en 1943 (desafortunadamente durante la huelga de grabación de los músicos), Hines dio la bienvenida a modernistas como Charlie Parker (en el tenor), el trompetista Dizzy Gillespie y la cantante Sarah Vaughan en lo que fue la primera orquesta de bebop. Cuando la huelga terminó, Eckstine, Parker, Gillespie y Vaughan se habían ido, pero el tenor Wardell Gray seguía siendo la estrella del grupo durante 1945-1946.
En 1948, la situación económica obligó a Hines a disolver su orquesta. Se unió a los Louis Armstrong All-Stars, pero tres años de ser el segundo plato de su viejo amigo fueron difíciles de soportar. Tras dejar a Armstrong en 1951, Hines se trasladó a Los Ángeles y más tarde a San Francisco, dirigiendo una banda de Dixieland. Aunque su estilo era mucho más moderno, Hines mantuvo el grupo en funcionamiento durante toda la década de 1950, en ocasiones con Muggsy Spanier, Jimmy Archey y Darnell Howard. Hines grabó en algunas ocasiones, pero a principios de los años 60 ya estaba olvidado en el mundo del jazz. Entonces, en 1964, el escritor de jazz Stanley Dance le organizó tres conciertos en el Little Theater de Nueva York, tanto en solitario como en cuarteto con Budd Johnson. Los críticos neoyorquinos quedaron asombrados por la continua creatividad y vitalidad de Hines, que tuvo un importante regreso que se prolongó durante el resto de su carrera. Hines viajó por todo el mundo con su cuarteto, grabó docenas de álbumes y siguió siendo famoso y reconocido hasta su muerte a los 79 años.
1. Piano Man
2. Fireworks
3. Skip the Gutter
4. Two Deuces
5. Weather Bird
6. Every Evening
7. Smoke-House Blues
8. Honeysuckle Rose
9. Blues in Thirds (Caution Blues)
10.Save It Pretty Mama
11.A Monday Date
12.Stowaway
13.Chimes in Blues
14.Fifty-Seven Varieties
15.Love Me Tonight
16.The Father's Getaway
17.Chicago Rhythm
18.Rosetta
19.Cavernism
20.Harlem Lament
21.Ridin' a Riff
22.Solid Mama
23.Comin' in Home
24.The Earl
25.Boogie Woogie on St. Louis Blues
Notes:
1 - Earl Hines and his Orchestra. Rec. 1939, NY
2-3 - Louis Armstrong and his Hot Five Rec. 1928, Chicago
4 - Louis Armstrong (trumpet), Earl Hines (piano)
Rec. as 2-3
5 - Jimmy Noone's Apex Club Orchestra Rec. as 2-3
6 - Omer Simeon (clarinet), Earl Hines (piano)
Rec as 2-3
7 - Earl Hines Quartet Earl Hines (piano),Budd Johnson
(tenor sax),Omer Simeon (clarinet),Wallace Bishop
(drums) Rec. 1929, Chicago
8 - Sidney Bechet (clarinet),Earl Hines (piano),Baby
Dodds (drums) Rec. 1937, Chicago
9 - Sidney Bechet and his New Orleans Feetwarmers
Sidney Bechet (clarinet,soprano sax),Earl Hines (piano)
Rex Stewart (cornet),John Lindsay (bass),Baby Dodds
(drums) Rec. 1940, NY
10-13 Earl Hines - piano solo Rec. 10 - 1940, 11-13 - 1928
14-25 Earl Hines and his Orchestra Rec. 1928-1941
1994
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